大禹治水圖玉山,高224cm,寬96cm,座高60cm,重5000kg。
玉山用料產自我國新疆和田密勒塔山,為致密堅硬的青玉。玉上雕成峻嶺疊嶂,瀑布急流,遍山古木蒼松,洞穴深秘。在山崖峭壁上,成群結隊的勞動者在開山治水,此景即用夏禹治水之故事。玉山正面中部山石處,刻乾隆帝陰文篆書「五福五代堂古稀天子寶」十字方璽。玉山背面上部陰刻乾隆皇帝《題密勒塔山玉大禹治水圖》御製詩,下部刻篆書「八徵耄念之寶」六字方璽。玉山底座為嵌金絲山形褐色銅鑄座。
此玉山由當時兩淮鹽政所轄的揚州工匠雕鑿製成。大塊玉料從新疆和田密勒塔山運到北京后,乾隆皇帝欽定用內府藏宋人《大禹治水圖》畫軸為稿本,由清宮造辦處畫出大禹治水紙樣,由畫匠賈全在大玉上臨畫,再做成木樣發往揚州雕刻。大玉于乾隆四十六年(1781年)發往揚州,至乾隆五十二年(1787年)玉山雕成,共用6年時間。乾隆五十三年(1788年),乾隆帝又命宮中造辦處如意館刻玉匠朱泰將乾隆御製詩和兩方寶璽印文刻製在玉山上。最后由乾隆帝欽定,案放在寧壽宮樂壽堂內,至今已有二百余年的歷史。
Boulder of Scene of the Great Yu’s Flood Control.H224cm,W96cm,Weight 5000kg
The flood myth motif is found among many cultures as seen in the Mesopotamian flood stories, Deucalion in Greek mythology, the Genesis flood narrative, the Hindu texts from India. In China, researches believe the great flood happened about 2000 BCE in the Xia Dynasty. The Xia emperor Yu had tamed the flood. The Boulder of Scene of the Great Yu’s Flood Control in Qing Dynasty has vividly carved the scene to restore the great historic event.The boulder started to carve in 1781 A.D. completed in 1787 A.D. in the Qing Dynasty. The scene of jade boulder fully depicts mountain peaks, waterfalls rapids and old pine trees all over the mountains .In the cliffs, crowds of workers are struggling managing the water to prevent flooding. The carving of rocks, trees, falls, workers all vividly presented. This jade boulder is quite a remarkable record of the flood myth of ancient time in China.(Upper right image is the great flood appeared in Bible, lower right is the great flood painting displays in Amsterdam)