齐家文化因1924年首先在甘肃省广河县齐家坪发现而得名，存续于距今约4300～3500年的大跨度时间范围。
齐家文化分布范围东起泾、渭河流域，西至湟水流域，南达白龙江流域，北入内蒙古自治区阿拉善左旗，介于黄土高原、青藏高原、蒙古高原相互连接交会的特殊地域。
齐家文化玉器使用的玉材，主要是甘肃、青海本地的玉，还有新疆和田玉。
齐家文化纺锤形璧, L. 8cm, W. 8cm, 120g。 本器黄玉雕琢,玉璧呈纺锤形, 有两端为直角, 两个直角附近各有单向钻孔, 另外两端为圆弧形, 冰裂纹增生晶体及扩散晕沁色古玉迹象明显。
Qijia spindle-shaped bi L. 8cm, W. 8cm, 120grams
The object is identified as Qijia spindle shape bi based on the carving form and hole one directional drilling style. One hole is seen on each diagonal side of the bi. Antiquity evidence includes differential weathering, exposed crystal plane, cleaving vein, dissolved pit, and diffusive marking.
Appreciation:
This spindle shape jade bi may serve as the physical evidence that the Qijia culture has a highly developed textile industry.
Appraisal Indexes:
- quality of jade: 9
- rareness: 9
- historical and cultural significance: 9
- workmanship: 10
- size:4
- condition: 10